(Continued and concluded) Ranavalona did not ignore the decisive contribution of certain missionaries: when, on June 23, 1830, after ten years of residence and labor, David Jones, the godfather of the abidia alphabet, left Antananarivo, Ranavalona I ordered that he be saluted with cannon fire. In July 1857, when expelling Jean Laborde, implicated in the Lambert plot, she granted him the exceptional permission to take his movable property and remain one day longer, unlike his accomplices, expelled within the hour: Ranavalona had not forgotten that the industrial city of the man she had naturalized as andriamasinavalona had manufactured the weapons that Merina soldiers used against the French landing of 1845 at Tamatave. Radama had good press among foreigners because he had allowed the arrival of missionaries who worked to establish the Malagasy abidia (alphabet) and trained the "Roambinifololahy". No one emphasizes that, in this state coherence, Queens Ranavalona I and Rasoherina (1864-1868) knew how to recognize the competence of these men and sent them as ambassadors to London: Raharolahy and Rasatranabo in March 1837; Rasatranabo-Rainandrianandraina and Ralehimaholy-Rainifiringa in March 1864. And that these same "Roambinifololahy" were entrusted with the education of future ministers of the second half of the nineteenth century. This 1837 embassy had proposed that the British provide technical assistance but without religious proselytism. A misunderstanding for which Ranavalona bears sole responsibility. Two years earlier, on March 1, 1835, Ranavalona had banned Christianity but allowed two remaining missionaries, Johns and Baker, to leave only in July 1836, in hopes of a final "technology transfer". Ranavalona's decisions had the coherence of a clear objective: the specificity of her culture and society inherited from the dynasty of the Roambinifolomanjaka (the line of her predecessors, numbering symbolically twelve). Her identity, as one might say later. A posture undoubtedly better refined with the corrections of education (which did not exist then in her society) and the polish that a broader culture would have allowed (to which her era also had no access). After Ranavalona's death, the European powers competing in the Indian Ocean islands, France and Great Britain, hastened to have themselves represented at the coronation of her son and successor, Radama II. Nasolo-Valiavo Andriamihaja