Southern Madagascar is preparing for a possible worsening of drought conditions. Seventeen districts and nearly 425,000 people could be affected by El Niño effects, with potential consequences for water access, agriculture, and livelihoods. In response, Malagasy authorities, the United Nations, and their partners are strengthening anticipatory measures. A meeting was held on August 12 in Ambohitsorohitra between Anthony Ngororano, resident coordinator of the UN system in Madagascar, and President of the Refondation, Michaël Randrianirina, to prepare necessary responses to a possible deterioration of the situation. El Niño is a climate phenomenon capable of disrupting rainfall in several regions worldwide. In southern Madagascar, it could lead to reduced precipitation and worsen difficulties already faced by vulnerable populations. Initial effects could appear from October onwards, while the situation could become more challenging in November. Humanitarian actions and preparedness measures are already being strengthened with the National Bureau for Disaster Risk Management (BNGRC). Rainfall evolution will be monitored over the coming months to adapt interventions to the needs of populations in affected areas. Fanilo Mampianintsoa