Six children died within two days in Antsirabe II district, in the Vakinankaratra region. The cause is measles, a highly contagious viral disease that can lead to serious complications, but which can be prevented through vaccination. A Matter of Immunity The deaths in Antsirabe II appear to be explained by low vaccination coverage. In Madagascar, measles vaccination is part of routine immunization. However, vaccination campaigns have been regularly conducted following epidemic outbreaks. The 2019 campaign is remembered, which resulted in 1,080 deaths in the country. That year, according to the WHO, Madagascar, along with two other African countries, namely the DRC and Nigeria, reported 90% of measles cases in Africa. The previous year, in 2018, the island was already hit by a measles epidemic affecting more than 16,000 children. Significant resources have been deployed since, largely with financial and technical support from major international partners, to combat measles in the country. Several successive national campaigns have prevented the pattern of 2018 and 2019 from recurring. However, despite these encouraging results, the fight against this vaccine-preventable disease remains relevant to avoid a resurgence on a larger scale. The measles virus requires at least 95% collective vaccination coverage to prevent rapid transmission within a population. Beyond our borders, measles is also making headlines. For example, the United States is experiencing a measles resurgence. In 2026, the country recorded its worst epidemic in 35 years, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), with more than 2,300 confirmed cases between January and July 2026. Nevertheless, no deaths were recorded. The finding: more than 90% of affected individuals are unvaccinated or have unknown vaccination status. This confirms, once again, that against measles, the vaccine is the only answer!