In Public Primary Schools, parents are also required to pay money. Free public education remains theoretical for many families. While official statements indicate that registration and re-registration fees are zero ariary, the reality on the ground is different. "There is a sum to pay at the time of registration," testifies Miharivola Randriamanana, a parent. The amounts required vary from school to school: 30,000 ariary per student in a public primary school (EPP), 70,000 ariary per parent in a General Education College (CEG), and 85,000 ariary in a secondary school. School officials deny any illegal charges. According to a public school director, these sums are not official registration fees, but financial contributions set by parents themselves during their general assembly. "These parental financial contributions aim to ensure the payment of non-civil service teachers, whose presence is essential to maintain school activities. Another part of the money is used for school projects, such as building a computer room," explains a secondary school principal. The director of another school reveals that part of this parental contribution is used for operating expenses. "School funding only arrives around February, so to purchase certain teaching materials needed until that disbursement, we use part of the parental contribution," the source indicates. These amounts represent a heavy financial burden for many parents. Miangaly Ralitera